Spectrum to numbers, in five seconds.

A Spectrally™ X1 analyzer measures chemical composition inside a running process — no sampling, no reagents, no downtime. This page walks the optical chain that makes that possible, one component at a time.

Excitation785 / 1064 nm
Spectral range300–1650 cm⁻¹
Resolution8 cm⁻¹
Result5 s

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The optical chain

Seven components in series. The first one emits light, the last one hands a number to the plant's control system. Everything in between is there to keep one weak signal — inelastically scattered photons — intact.

Stokes-shifted light from a 785 nm source sits in the near infrared. The colour ramp on the detector is a visualisation, not what an eye would see.

785 nm · 600 mW laser diode module bandpass dichroic dual fibre excitation + collection process medium — reactor loop or pipeline, measured in situ Spectrally X1 PROBE 316L · 16 bar · 125 °C · IP67 inelastic (Raman) scattering notch elastic line blocked slit diffraction grating CCD, back-thinned TEC-cooled Spectrally OS — acquired spectrum integration 5 s 300 1650 cm⁻¹ Raman shift · 8 cm⁻¹ resolution Hybrid model, selected per process CNN, full spectrum PLS · PCA classical chemometrics calibrated on the client’s own samples Alkyd resin, in synthesis acid value 12.4 mg KOH/g viscosity 4.82 Pa·s illustrative reading · feasibility accuracy R² > 0.99 PASS
01 — Excitation

One laser line, held steady

A diode laser illuminates the medium at 785 nm, 600 mW at the fibre. Media that fluoresce under red light get the 1064 nm variant at 800 mW instead.

785 / 1064 nmwavelength options 0.01 nm/°Cwavelength stability 2 yearsminimum laser life
02 — Conditioning

Everything except the line is removed

A bandpass filter cleans the diode's output down to the excitation line. A dichroic plate then splits the paths: excitation goes out to the process, returning light comes back on its own route.

Bandpassexcitation cleanup Dichroicpath separation
03 — Into the process

The measurement goes to the medium

A dual fibre carries light to an immersion probe mounted in the reactor loop or pipeline. The fibre run lets the analyzer sit where a person can reach it while the measurement happens where the chemistry is. No sample is drawn, no conditioning skid is built, nothing is consumed.

16 barprocess pressure −40 … +125 °Cprocess temperature pH 1–14short-term exposure IP67probe protection
04 — Scattering

A fraction of the light comes back changed

Most photons scatter elastically and carry no information. A small fraction returns shifted in energy by the molecular vibrations it met. That shift is the measurement.

By examining scattering — and a very particular kind, inelastic Raman scattering — we get information about chemical composition, internal structure and chemical properties. dr Bartosz Kawa, CTO · Główny Mechanik
05 — Dispersion

Light is spread across the detector

A notch filter blocks the elastic line that would swamp everything else. A grating spreads what remains onto a back-thinned, TEC-cooled CCD — every pixel a narrow slice of the spectrum.

300–1650 cm⁻¹range (3500 cm⁻¹ optional) 8 cm⁻¹spectral resolution 547signal-to-noise, X1 PORTABLE
06 — Spectrum

Pixel counts become a fingerprint

Intensity against Raman shift. The bands and their ratios identify what is in the medium; their size says how much. A few hundred milliseconds of integration, repeated as often as the process needs it.

The light trace — the Raman spectrum — is as unique to a substance as a fingerprint. Industry Alarm, 2026
07 — Numbers

The spectrum leaves as process values

Spectrally OS runs a model built for this chemistry: a CNN reading the full spectrum together with classical chemometric algorithms. Out comes what the process engineer actually asked for — concentrations, an acid value, a viscosity, a pass or a fail — on PROFIBUS, PROFINET or Modbus.

5 smeasurement to value single ppmaccuracy, analyte dependent R² > 0.99alkyd viscosity feasibility
Optical chain · step 01 / 07

Why the instrument is built this way

Every design decision below exists because a plant broke a simpler one. Ranked by how much of it competitors cannot copy — the top four came out of a value–uniqueness workshop with our COO in April 2026.

Tier 1

A reference built into the probe

The probe carries its own reference signal, so the instrument calibrates itself and reports its own faults. If anything drifts in the optical path, the analyzer says so before a batch does.

Tier 1

Models, not just spectra

Neural models handle non-linear behaviour and multi-component mixtures, including parameters that are not concentrations — viscosity, for instance.

Tier 1

A method per client

Probe, spectral range, acquisition time and model are tuned to one chemistry and one process, rather than shipped as a catalogue default.

Tier 1

Twelve months of model updates, in the contract

Recipes change, feedstock changes, the process drifts. Model updates for the first twelve months are part of the agreement, not a change order. (Hardware warranty is a separate term.)

A window that cleans itself

In fouling media the probe retracts, is rinsed, and returns to the measurement position without interrupting continuous operation.

Offline by default

Measurement and logging run on a local database. No cloud dependency, no plant data leaving the site.

Feasibility before capital

Three to five real samples, a preliminary model and a written report — before anyone signs for an instrument. Pilot terms available.

Raman is the backbone, not the whole platform

Where Raman scattering is too weak or the bands are silent, the platform reaches for another technique. The method follows the chemistry.

Against the alternatives

Raman does not replace HPLC as an analytical reference. It replaces waiting for one.

Comparison as used internally for method selection. HPLC and titration remain reference methods; the column that matters on a process line is time to result.
PropertyRamanNIRFT-IRHPLCTitration
Inline in waterExcellentDifficultPoor — water absorbs
Time to resultSecondsSecondsSecondsMinutes to hoursMinutes
Sampling neededNoNoNoYesYes
Multi-component mixturesVery goodGoodGoodExcellentWeak
Substance identificationHighly specificLess specificSpecificSpecificIndirect
Reagents / lab wasteNoneNoneNoneYesYes
The most valuable data is the data that arrives before the problem grows. Inline analyzers change the logic of the whole process. Robert Stachurski, CEO · Polska Chemia
5 s

From acquisition to a number the control system can act on — against hours or days of waiting for a laboratory result. Universal to the platform, independent of industry.

Questions engineers ask first

Why Raman rather than NIR or FT-IR?

Water is a weak Raman scatterer, so aqueous streams stay measurable — where FT-IR loses the band region to water absorption. Raman bands are also more specific than NIR's overlapping ones, which matters when several components move at once. Where Raman is genuinely weak, NIR or SERS is used instead.

What happens when the medium fluoresces?

Fluorescence under 785 nm excitation is the usual reason to move to the 1064 nm configuration, 800 mW. The rest of the chain is unchanged.

How does the optical window stay clean in fouling media?

The probe sits in a retractable holder: it withdraws from the circulation loop, is rinsed with solvent, and returns to the measurement position. Continuous measurement is not interrupted for cleaning.

How do I know a reading can be trusted?

The probe carries an integrated reference; every measurement is validated against it and disturbances are compensated automatically. Self-diagnostic routines detect contamination and flag deviations to the operator.

“Developing algorithms for a specific production line keeps measurement uncertainty at the level of fractions of a percent. The probe design uses a reference measurement — if anything happens in the optical system, the device detects it immediately.” — dr Bartosz Kawa, CTO

What exactly do the models do?

Two jobs: turn a spectrum into numbers (multi-parameter regression), and classify — pass/fail, anomaly, off-spec feedstock. Both run on a deliberate mix of CNN and classical chemometric algorithms. How the models are built.

Where does the result go?

Into the plant's own layer: PLC, DCS, MES, SCADA, LIMS, over PROFIBUS, PROFINET or Modbus. Data is stored locally; measurement and logging continue without a network connection. How the analyser is connected to a line · integration and rollout.

How long does a deployment take?

A one-hour workshop to find the measurement points, one to two weeks for the feasibility study, then months for installation, model calibration and validation on production data. Three to five and a half months is the usual span. The four stages.

Send us a difficult sample

Three to five samples from the process, a preliminary model, and a written feasibility report that stays with you whatever you decide next.

Request a feasibility study See what has been measured

Five bodies, one measurement architecture.

The same signal chain and the same model stack, packaged for where the measurement has to happen — a bench, a warehouse gate, a reactor loop. A model built on one instrument runs on the next without being rewritten.

InstrumentsX1 LAB · LAB+ · PORTABLE · INLINE
ProbeX1 PROBE, immersion
SoftwareSpectrally OS

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The Spectrally™ family

Most deployments start in a laboratory and end in the line. That path only works if the analyser that validates a method and the analyser that runs it every day share one architecture.

carousel · 25 positions Spectrally X1 LAB — benchtop, IP20, USB 28 000+ reference spectra library matching — X1 LAB+ sealed container Spectrally X1 PORTABLE — case-sized, IP54, reads through packaging Spectrally X1 INLINE — 24/7 in the line, up to 2 channels channel 1 channel 2 PLC / DCS PROFIBUSPROFINETModbus Ø 12 mm · max 465 mm 316L / POM-C (ATEX) fused silica window X1 PROBE in a process line — no sample extraction 1 — retract 2 — rinse 3 — back in the medium self-cleaning cycle, continuous measurement uninterrupted Spectrally OS — SpectrallyUI measuring batch trend · target band phenol4.61 % formaldehyde1.28 % viscosity4.82 Pa·s exportCSV · PDF · RAW accessRBAC · local database illustrative values — Debian GNU/Linux 13.2 · auto-calibration from the probe reference PROFIBUS · PROFINET · Modbus · GSM
01 — X1 LAB

Where the method gets built

A benchtop analyser for identification and material characterisation, including through transparent packaging. It is where a measurement method is developed and validated before anything is mounted on a line.

25carousel positions 5–300 sacquisition time IP20laboratory enclosure 250 Wpower draw
02 — X1 LAB+

The same instrument with a library behind it

LAB+ adds spectral library matching against more than 28 000 reference spectra, proprietary and public. Useful when the question is “what is this” rather than “how much of it is there”.

28 000+reference spectra Vials · cuvettesany transparent container
03 — X1 PORTABLE

Process spectroscopy in a case

Incoming goods, field diagnostics, a second opinion on a suspect drum. Built-in models and libraries give a pass or a fail at the gate, through sealed packaging, without opening the container or sending anything to a laboratory.

IP54field enclosure 0.01–300 sintegration time 547signal-to-noise 200 Wpower draw
04 — X1 INLINE

The instrument that stays on the line

Continuous measurement in the installation itself, feeding the control layer directly. Two measurement channels as standard, more on request; explosion-hazard zones depending on configuration, where the laser is limited to 30 mW.

24/7continuous operation 2 channelsexpandable 300 Wpower draw No consumablesno reagents, no lab waste
05 — X1 PROBE

The part that lives in the chemistry

An immersion probe for liquids, suspensions and slurries in reactors, pipelines and tanks. In fouling media it works with a retractable self-cleaning module — retract, rinse, return — so continuous measurement is never stopped to clean an optical window.

16 barprocess pressure −40 … +125 °Cprocess temperature Zone 0ATEX / IECEx IP67protection
06 — Spectrally OS

One analytics layer for all of them

The models, the operator interface, the audit trail and the integration live here — the same layer whichever body the instrument came in. Model updates roll out without stopping the analyser or the line, and measurement continues when the network does not.

Debian 13.2operating system RBACrole-based access CSV · PDF · RAWdata export On-premiselocal database
Instrument family · step 01 / 06

A model built on the bench runs in the reactor

The family shares one signal architecture and one chemometric stack, so calibration work does not get thrown away at the step where it usually does — the move from laboratory to production.

What stays the same across the family

Excitation
785 nm / 1064 nm
Laser power
600 mW / 800 mW
Spectral range
300–1650 cm⁻¹ · 300–3500 cm⁻¹
Resolution
8 cm⁻¹
Detector
CCD, back-thinned, TEC-cooled
Laser life
≥ 2 years
Warm-up
30 min
Operating temperature
0–45 °C

Why one architecture matters

A method developed on X1 LAB migrates to X1 INLINE without being rebuilt: same optical geometry, same detector behaviour, same model format in Spectrally OS. The feasibility study on three to five samples is therefore not a throwaway exercise — it is the first calibration of the production system.

Retractex, the self-cleaning retraction module used with X1 PROBE, is a component in that chain rather than a product of its own.

How the cabinet and probe are actually connected to a running line, and how the laboratory path feeds it: inline and laboratory.

R&DQuality controlIncoming goods Process controlField service

Specifications

From the 2026 product catalogue. Where a value depends on configuration, the configuration is named.

Spectrally™ X1 analysers. The immersion probe used with X1 INLINE is detailed below the table.
ParameterX1 LAB / LAB+X1 PORTABLEX1 INLINE
Excitation wavelength785 / 1064 nm785 / 1064 nm785 / 1064 nm
Laser power600 mW @ 785 · 800 mW @ 1064600 mW @ 785 · 800 mW @ 1064as LAB; 30 mW for ATEX
Spectral range300–1650 or 300–3500 cm⁻¹300–1650 or 300–3500 cm⁻¹300–1650 or 300–3500 cm⁻¹
Spectral resolution8 cm⁻¹8 cm⁻¹8 cm⁻¹
Acquisition time5–300 s5–300 s · integration 0.01–300 s5–300 s
DetectorCCD, back-thinned, TEC-cooledCCD, back-thinned, TEC-cooledCCD, back-thinned, TEC-cooled
Auto-calibrationreference integrated in the probereference integrated in the probe
Signal-to-noise547
Wavelength stability0.01 nm/°C
Ingress protectionIP20IP54probe IP67
Industrial protocolsUSBPROFIBUS · PROFINET · Modbus · GSM
Measurement channelsup to 2, expandable on request
Sample handlingvials, quartz cuvettes, carousel up to 25through transparent packagingin situ, no sampling
Spectral libraryLAB+: 28 000+built-in librariesmodels + libraries
Power230 V AC · 250 W230 V AC · 200 W230 V AC · 300 W
Warm-up30 min30 min30 min

X1 PROBE — process connections

Wetted materials: 316L stainless steel, fused silica, chemically resistant epoxy. Housing in 316L or POM-C, POM-C ESD for the ATEX version.

DN32 / 40 / 50 PN16ANSI 1¼" · 1½" · 2" Cl 150 NPT male 1¼"Tri-Clamp 2" (Ø 64 mm) Tri-Clamp 1½" (Ø 50.5 mm)custom design
Process pH
2–10 continuous · 1–14 short-term
Maximum pressure
16 bar
Probe diameter
12 mm
Maximum length
465 mm
Explosion protection
ATEX / IECEx Zone 0
28 000+

Reference spectra behind library matching on X1 LAB+ — proprietary plus public collections. The number that decides whether an unknown drum can be identified at all.

Which body fits your measurement point?

A one-hour workshop usually settles it: where the measurement has to sit, what the medium does to an optical window, and what the control system needs to receive.

Request a feasibility study How the models work

Two ways into the process.

One goes through a nozzle on a running transfer line, with the analyser bolted to a wall nearby. The other goes through a vial on a bench. They use the same optics and the same models, which is why a method proven in the laboratory can be mounted on the line without starting over.

Inlinein the flowing medium
Sample drawnnone
Result5 s, to PLC / DCS

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Inline on a transfer line

The measurement point is a nozzle. What arrives at the control room is a concentration, an acid value or a viscosity — not a spectrum, and not a sample bottle.

transfer line — flowing product, 16 bar and up to 125 °C at the probe Process connection — pick one DN32 / 40 / 50 PN16 flange ANSI 1¼" · 1½" · 2" Class 150 NPT male 1¼" · Tri-Clamp 2" and 1½" probe Ø 12 mm · up to 465 mm long · 316L Retractable holder probe withdraws behind an isolation valve solvent rinse, then back to the measuring position no line stop, no window cleaning shutdown or mount in a circulation loop instead slipstream / circulation loop — same probe, easier isolation hazardous area — probe rated ATEX / IECEx Zone 0, laser limited to 30 mW X1 INLINE — wall cabinet, outside the zone dual fibre — excitation out, collected light back Spectrally OS → PLC / DCS nitrate1 240 ppm acid value12.4 mg KOH/g viscosity4.82 Pa·s illustrative readings · PROFIBUS · PROFINET · Modbus up to 2 measurement channels per cabinet 5 s · in specification
01 — The line

The medium keeps moving

A transfer line, a reactor circulation loop, a pipeline between two units. Nothing is diverted and nothing is stopped: the measurement is taken in the flowing product at line pressure and line temperature.

16 barat the probe 125 °Cprocess temperature pH 1–14short-term exposure
02 — The tap point

One nozzle is the whole mechanical scope

The probe goes in through a standard process connection — a flange, a threaded boss or a Tri-Clamp — and reaches into the flow. Wetted parts are 316L stainless steel and fused silica, so the material question is usually settled before the meeting ends.

Ø 12 mmprobe diameter ≤ 465 mminsertion length IP67probe protection
03 — Fouling

The probe leaves the line without stopping it

In media that coat an optical window, the probe sits in a retractable holder: it withdraws behind an isolation valve, is rinsed with solvent, and returns to the measuring position. Where insertion into the main line is awkward, the same probe goes into a slipstream loop instead.

The probe is automatically withdrawn from the circulation loop, rinsed with a stream of solvent, and returns to the measurement position. Gekko Photonics · Główny Mechanik
04 — The optical run

The instrument does not have to stand in the hazardous area

Only the probe is in the process. Excitation light travels out and collected light comes back on a dual fibre, so the analyser cabinet is mounted where a technician can actually reach it. The probe is rated for ATEX and IECEx Zone 0, with laser power limited to 30 mW in that configuration.

Zone 0ATEX / IECEx, probe 30 mWlaser power, ATEX configuration 300 Wcabinet power draw
05 — The hand-off

What leaves the cabinet is a process variable

Spectrally OS runs the model and passes the value into the control layer over PROFIBUS, PROFINET or Modbus — one to two measurement channels per cabinet as standard. Operators see a number and a status, not a spectrum, and the batch record gets the same value on its way to MES or LIMS.

5 smeasurement to value 2 channelsper cabinet, expandable No consumablesno reagents, no lab waste
Inline installation · step 01 / 05

Through the laboratory

Not every measurement belongs on a line, and no model starts there. The bench path answers a different question — and it is where the method that later runs inline is built and validated.

sample or sealed container What arrives on the bench vials, quartz cuvettes, any transparent container incoming drums measured through the packaging little or no sample preparation no reagents consumed, sample not destroyed Spectrally X1 LAB — carousel up to 25 positions 28 000+ reference spectra — X1 LAB+ Identification — incoming batch declared material match contaminant band none detected RELEASE illustrative · decided in minutes, at the gate X1 INLINE — on the line the same model, moved — not rewritten
01 — The sample

A vial, a cuvette, or a sealed drum

The bench path starts with material in hand: a process sample, a retained sample, or an incoming container that has not been opened. Measurement is non-destructive and consumes nothing, so the same material can still go to the reference method afterwards.

No preplittle or none required Through packagingtransparent containers
02 — At-line and lab

Twenty-five positions, one after another

X1 LAB takes a carousel of up to twenty-five samples and returns a result in seconds per measurement. This is the analyser that sits near production for at-line checks and in the laboratory for R&D and quality control.

25carousel positions 5–300 sacquisition per sample IP20laboratory enclosure
03 — Identification

What is in this drum, and does it match the certificate

With library matching against more than 28 000 reference spectra, an incoming batch is verified at the gate rather than a week later. The question here is identity and conformity, not process control — a different question from the one the inline instrument answers.

28 000+reference spectra, X1 LAB+ Minutesto a release decision
04 — The bridge

The model built here is the one that runs on the line

Same optical geometry, same detector behaviour, same model format in Spectrally OS. Calibration work done on the bench during feasibility becomes the first calibration of the production system rather than a discarded pilot.

One data modelacross the family 3–5.5 monthsworkshop to working system
Laboratory path · step 01 / 04

Which path answers which question

The three are not competing options. Most plants end up with a bench instrument for method work and incoming goods, and inline units where a decision has to be made while the process is still running.

Selection is settled during the workshop and confirmed by the feasibility study, not chosen from a catalogue.
X1 INLINE + X1 PROBEX1 LAB / LAB+X1 PORTABLE
Where it sitsnozzle on the line, reactor or slipstream looplaboratory bench or at-line, near productioncarried — gate, field, installation
Samplenone drawnvial, cuvette or sealed containercontainer, measured through packaging
Question answeredis the process where it should be, right nowwhat is this, and does it meet specificationcan this delivery be accepted
Result reachesPLC / DCS, then MES / LIMSreport, LIMS, model developmentoperator on the spot
Mechanical scopeprocess connection + cabinet + fibre runbench space and a socketnone
Protectionprobe IP67, ATEX / IECEx Zone 0IP20IP54
Channelsup to 2 per cabinet, expandablecarousel up to 25 samplesone at a time

What has to be known before anything gets mounted

The mechanical and electrical questions are short. The ones that decide the outcome are about the medium.

The medium

Composition range, temperature, pressure, pH, solids, and whether it coats a window. Fouling behaviour decides whether a retractable holder is needed.

The point

Which nozzle, what connection standard, how much insertion length, and whether the flow at that point is representative of the batch.

The area

Zone classification, cable routing to a location where the cabinet can be serviced, and mains supply.

The control layer

Which protocol the plant speaks, which tag the value should land on, and who owns the alarm when the analyser reports a deviation. The value is only useful if somebody is accountable for acting on it.

The reference

The current method and its results for the same material — without them there is nothing to calibrate against or validate with.

What the IT and OT departments ask

Network posture
OT segmentation, no open ports to the corporate network
Standards
IEC 62443 for industrial automation security
Data residency
local database on plant hardware, no cloud dependency
Auditability
logs and model-version history
Continuity
backup and recovery; measurement continues without a network
Access
role-based, RBAC in Spectrally OS

Where 21 CFR Part 11 applies, it is handled as a project requirement rather than a checkbox.

1 day

Mounting time reported for the water and wastewater segment — mains or battery supply, no reagents and no wear parts. Process installations in chemical plants are scoped individually; this figure belongs to that segment.

Send us the nozzle drawing and a sample

A P&ID extract, the connection standard at the measurement point, and three to five samples are enough to say whether this works on your line.

Request a feasibility study The instrument family

Eight places in one plant where a spectrum settles an argument.

From the tanker at the gate to the effluent leaving the site. Most plants do not need all eight — but seeing them together is the fastest way to work out which two or three would change a decision that is currently made on faith.

Before the plantgoods-in, store, laboratory
The plantat-line, reactor, filling
After the plantrelease, dispatch, effluent

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One material, followed end to end

The same substance is measured as a delivery, as a stored raw material, as a reacting mixture, as a finished product and finally as whatever leaves in the water. Different instrument, different question, one analytics layer.

BEFORE THE PLANT THE PLANT AFTER THE PLANT goods-in bay raw material store laboratory production hall finished goods dispatch effluent to the works outfall 01 X1 PORTABLE 02 X1 PORTABLE 03 X1 LAB / LAB+ 04 X1 PORTABLE 05 X1 INLINE + PROBE 06 X1 PORTABLE 07 X1 PORTABLE 08 X1 INLINE
01 — Goods-in bay · X1 PORTABLE

Before the tanker is allowed to unload

The delivery is measured at the bay — through the sampling port or straight through a sealed transparent container, without opening it. The question is narrow and expensive: is this the material on the certificate. A wrong tanker discharged into a storage tank contaminates everything downstream of it.

Minutesaccept or reject at the gate Non-destructivesample survives for the reference method
02 — Raw material store · X1 PORTABLE

Drums do not always contain what the label says

Incoming quality control on stock: identity checks on drums and IBCs, re-checks after long storage, and verification when a label is ambiguous. Built-in spectral libraries handle identification; where the answer needs to be quantitative it goes to the bench.

Through packagingtransparent containers IP54carried around the site
03 — Laboratory · X1 LAB / LAB+

Where the method is built and the batch is released

The benchtop analyser does two jobs: routine release measurements with a carousel of up to twenty-five samples, and the development work that turns a chemistry into a validated model. Library matching against more than 28 000 reference spectra answers “what is this”; the models answer “how much”.

25carousel positions 28 000+reference spectra, LAB+ R² > 0.99alkyd acid value and viscosity
04 — At-line, before the reactor · X1 PORTABLE

Check the charge before the batch starts

At-line means at the line: the analyser stands a few steps from the vessel and the operator measures without walking to the laboratory. The charge, the premix, the solvent drum about to go in — verified in the minutes that are actually available before a batch is started.

At-linemetres from the vessel 5–300 sacquisition
05 — Reactor · X1 INLINE + X1 PROBE

The only point that never stops measuring

An immersion probe in the reactor or its circulation loop, an analyser cabinet on the wall, and a value on PROFIBUS every few seconds. This is where the endpoint gets decided, where a deviation shows up in hour two instead of at the end, and where the payback is calculated from.

5 smeasurement to value 24/7continuous duty >1000points per multi-hour batch
06 — After the reactor · X1 PORTABLE

Confirm the product before it is packed

The blend that leaves the vessel is checked at-line before filling, while rework is still cheap and the material is still in a tank rather than in a thousand containers. The measurement is the same one the laboratory would run, taken where the decision happens.

Reworkdecided in minutes, not hours No sample prepdirect measurement
07 — Finished goods · X1 PORTABLE

Release evidence at the point of dispatch

A final identity and conformity check on what is about to go on a truck, with the result written into the batch record. It is the cheapest place in the plant to catch a mislabelled pallet, and the most expensive one to miss it.

CSV · PDF · RAWinto the batch record RBACwho measured, and when
08 — Effluent · X1 INLINE

And what leaves the site in the water

Continuous monitoring of the works outfall — the first Polish deployment of this kind, with MPWiK Wrocław, watches for petroleum-derived substances in wastewater. Water is a weak Raman scatterer, which is exactly why the substances in it stay visible. Continuous detection of microplastics and PFAS is in development, using SERS.

ppmaccuracy in aqueous streams 18–24 monthspayback, water segment 1 daymounting, water segment
Plant route · point 01 / 08

Station by station

Read the third column first. If nobody is currently making that decision — or it is being made on a number that arrives too late — that station is worth a feasibility study. The rest are not.

A composite plant. No single client runs all eight points; the sequence is a map for finding the two or three that pay for themselves.
#WhereInstrumentDecision it changes
01Goods-in bayX1 PORTABLEAccept or reject a delivery before it is discharged
02Raw material storeX1 PORTABLERelease stock to production, or quarantine it
03LaboratoryX1 LAB / LAB+Release a batch; build and validate the method
04At-line, before the reactorX1 PORTABLEStart the batch, or correct the charge first
05Reactor and circulation loopX1 INLINE + X1 PROBEHold, dose, or call the endpoint — while it still matters
06After the reactor, before fillingX1 PORTABLEPack it, or rework it while it is still in the tank
07Finished goodsX1 PORTABLEDispatch, with the evidence in the batch record
08Works outfallX1 INLINEReport, or intervene before a discharge becomes an incident

Why this works as a system rather than eight purchases

Every station in the map runs the same signal architecture and the same model format in Spectrally OS. A model calibrated in the laboratory at point 03 is the model running at point 05, and the identity library used at point 01 is the one behind point 07. That is the part a plant cannot assemble from three vendors.

Shared across all points
optics, detector behaviour, model format
Data
local database on plant hardware, CSV / PDF / RAW export
Control layer
PROFIBUS · PROFINET · Modbus to PLC / DCS
Records
MES · SCADA · LIMS
Access
role-based, audit trail of model versions

Where to start is a question for the workshop: the four stages. How the reactor point is physically connected: inline and laboratory.

93%

Of the substances found in the chemical industry are detectable with the platform — the figure the company states publicly, and the reason one measurement architecture can cover a whole site rather than a single unit.

Where plants usually start

Two patterns, from the deployments so far.

Start at the reactor

When the pain is variability and waste inside the process. A resin producer running inline measurement for six months reported raw-material losses down 10 %, waste down 12 % and batch variability held below 1.5 %. Payback in that segment lands at 6–10 months.

Those figures belong to the resin segment. Water payback is 18–24 months; cosmetics savings were measured as an annual figure rather than a payback. Numbers do not travel between segments.

Start at the gate

When the pain is what arrives on site. A portable unit at goods-in gives pass/fail in minutes through sealed packaging, removes the sampling delay, and needs no installation work at all — which makes it the least disruptive way to find out whether Raman sees your chemistry.

It is also the usual first exposure: a demonstration on your own material before any conversation about process installation.

What we ask before drawing your version of this map

Where the losses are, which decisions currently wait for a laboratory result, what the medium does to an optical window, and what the control system needs to receive. One hour is usually enough to mark two or three points on the plan — and to strike the ones that would only add instruments.

Mark up your own plan

Send a block diagram or a P&ID extract and we will mark the points where a measurement would change a decision — and the ones where it would only add an instrument.

Request a feasibility study How the reactor point is connected

The spectrum is the easy half.

A detector returns a noisy vector with a fluorescence slope and the occasional cosmic ray. Turning that into a number a process engineer can act on is a modelling problem — and it is where most of our engineering sits.

StackCNN + classical chemometrics
Calibrationclient's own samples
Updates12 months in contract

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From raw counts to a process value

Five stages. The first two are housekeeping that decides whether anything downstream can work; the middle two are the model itself; the last one is what keeps a number trustworthy six months after commissioning.

300 1650 cm⁻¹ intensity fluorescence baseline cosmic ray baseline removed · spike rejected intensity normalised every channel is an input — no hand-picked peak windows CNN — non-linear, full-spectrum viscosity · multi-component mixtures PLS · PCA — linear, interpretable scores, 2 components small calibration sets loadings a chemist can read Acid value — alkyd resin 12.4 mg KOH/g prediction error ±0.2 mg KOH/g · R² > 0.99 reference method agreement validated probe reference · self-diagnostics nominal
01 — Raw

What the detector actually hands over

A vector of pixel counts carrying the Raman bands, a fluorescence slope from the medium, shot noise, and now and then a cosmic ray that looks exactly like a very sharp peak. None of it is a concentration yet.

~1000+measurement points in a multi-hour process 8 cm⁻¹resolution per channel
02 — Preprocessing

Remove what is not chemistry

Baseline correction, spike rejection, normalisation. Every measurement is validated against the probe's built-in reference, and disturbances are compensated automatically rather than left for the model to guess at.

Every measurement is validated and disturbances are compensated automatically. Self-diagnostic algorithms detect contamination and inform the operator about deviations. dr inż. Maciej Jaworski · PIPC
03 — CNN

The network reads the whole spectrum

A convolutional network takes the full vector rather than a handful of chosen peak windows. That is what makes non-linear behaviour and heavily overlapping bands tractable — and why parameters that are not concentrations at all, viscosity among them, can be predicted.

Non-linearphenomena classical models miss Multi-componentmixtures, not single analytes
04 — Classical chemometrics

PLS and PCA are part of the stack, not the competition

Classical algorithms are chosen where they win: small calibration sets, interpretable loadings, fast validation against a reference method. The mix of both families is deliberate, and it generalises better than either one on its own.

HybridCNN + advanced classical chemometrics Per processselected for the chemistry at hand
05 — Output and guardrails

A number with a stated uncertainty

The value leaves with its error bar, an agreement check against the reference method, and the analyser's own diagnosis of the optical path. Recipes drift; models are updated for the first twelve months under the contract, and re-calibrated when the process changes.

±0.2 mg KOH/galkyd acid value, feasibility ±0.25 Pa·salkyd viscosity, feasibility Fractions of a percentuncertainty, tuned per line
Model pipeline · step 01 / 05

Why a mix, rather than a single method

Purely classical models are cheap to validate and blind to non-linearity. Purely neural models absorb non-linearity and demand data. Real process chemistry needs both, chosen case by case.

What the CNN is for

Full-spectrum input, non-linear response, overlapping bands, multi-component mixtures, and derived properties such as viscosity that no single band encodes.

What PLS and PCA are for

Compact calibrations from a limited number of samples, loadings a chemist can inspect and argue with, and quick validation against titration or HPLC.

What the combination buys

Faster, more accurate models that generalise better than a single-family approach. In a feasibility study on alkyd resins, a CNN over the whole spectrum outperformed linear regression on the same data, reaching R² above 0.99 for both acid value and viscosity.

The model has a lifecycle, not a delivery date

Calibration, validation, maintenance, re-calibration. A model that is never touched again is a model that quietly stops being right.

Calibration

Starts from feasibility samples — usually the client's R&D material plus Gekko laboratory work — and the reference values that go with them.

Validation

Predictions checked against the established reference method on the client's own process, not on a public data set.

Reinforcement

Further training on production data once the analyser is running, which is when the awkward cases show up.

Re-calibration

Triggered by what actually changes in a plant: a new recipe, a different feedstock supplier, modified process parameters. Model updates are covered for the first twelve months under the agreement, and they roll out without stopping the analyser or the line. The hardware warranty period is a separate commercial term.

Accuracy actually measured

Figures from feasibility studies on real process samples. Each one is a specific matrix and a specific reference method — not a platform-wide claim.

Alkyd resin — acid value
R² > 0.99 · ±0.2 mg KOH/g
Alkyd resin — viscosity
R² > 0.99 · ±0.25 Pa·s
PF resin — phenol
mean absolute error ~0.03 p.p.
PF resin — formaldehyde
mean absolute error ~0.21 p.p.
Silicone in PA66 recyclate
calibrated 0.3–1.0 %
Isomer impurity, FMCG synthesis
tracked from ~8.5 % to trace level
Agrochemical product growth
~90 % → > 99 % across reaction stages

Full matrices, bands and methods: feasibility results.

±0.25 Pa·s

Prediction uncertainty for alkyd resin viscosity during synthesis — a rheological property, read from a Raman spectrum. This is the number that tends to end the argument about whether Raman only measures concentrations.

Bring us a measurement that classical methods cannot handle

Non-linear response, overlapping bands, a property that is not a concentration. Those are the cases the hybrid stack exists for.

Request a feasibility study Feasibility results

Bands that earned their keep.

Every application below started as a feasibility study on real process samples — a named matrix, a named band, a number against a reference method. Nothing here is a brochure claim about what Raman can do in principle.

Coverage claimup to 93% of industrial substances
Accuracydown to single ppm
Feasibility3–5 samples, 1–2 weeks

Scroll

Four bands, four industries

A Raman spectrum is only useful if a specific band moves with a specific quantity. These four are documented on real plant material — and two of them sit close enough together to explain why a model, not a peak-pick, does the work.

300 600 900 1200 1500 Raman shift, cm⁻¹ 799 Product growth during synthesis 90 % >99 % aqueous sodium-salt solution · agrochemistry 820–1140 Ethoxylation and propoxylation band group rises as ether bonds form conversion, live 1044 1050 Nitrogen in fertiliser streams 1044 cm⁻¹ — nitrate nitrogen, liquid streams 1050 cm⁻¹ — total nitrogen, granulated product 6 cm⁻¹ apart · resolution is 8 cm⁻¹ ~780 Same region, different question 1050 cm⁻¹ — unwanted isomer in an FMCG synthesis 8.5 % trace ~780 cm⁻¹ — lighter and heavier refinery fractions
01 — 799 cm⁻¹

Watching a reaction finish

In an aqueous sodium-salt solution, the band at about 799 cm⁻¹ tracked the target product as it formed. Across the reaction stages the model followed it from roughly 90 % to above 99 %, which is precisely the region where an endpoint decision gets made.

Agrochemistrysynthesis monitoring Endpointdetermined in real time
02 — 820–1140 cm⁻¹

A band group instead of a single peak

During surfactant synthesis, the whole 820–1140 cm⁻¹ group grows as ether bonds form in the ethoxylated and propoxylated products. Conversion is followed continuously, with no sampling and no laboratory step in the loop.

Surfactantsethoxylation · propoxylation No samplingconversion measured in the reactor
03 — 1044 and 1050 cm⁻¹

Two nitrogen questions, six wavenumbers apart

Nitrate nitrogen in liquid fertiliser streams sits at about 1044 cm⁻¹; total nitrogen in granulated product with an organic coating at about 1050 cm⁻¹. With 8 cm⁻¹ resolution those two are practically the same channel — which is the clearest argument for letting a model interpret the spectrum rather than reading a peak height off a chart.

Fertilisersliquid streams and granulate Repeatabledirect quantitative detection
04 — Neighbours

The same region answers a different question

At about 1050 cm⁻¹ an unwanted isomer in an FMCG synthesis was tracked down from roughly 8.5 % to trace level. Around 780 cm⁻¹, marker bands and intensity ratios separated lighter from heavier refinery fractions. Same neighbourhood of the spectrum, different chemistry, different model.

FMCGproduct purity during synthesis Refiningstream identification
Band atlas · step 01 / 04

One batch, measured a thousand times

The difference an inline analyser makes is not really accuracy. It is how many times per batch anybody gets to look.

0 h 3 h 6 h key process value upper limit lower limit one laboratory result arrives after the batch is finished a measurement every few seconds more than a thousand points across the batch deviation, hour 2 correction applied — back inside the band
01 — Sampling

The classical loop measures once

A sample is drawn, walked to the laboratory, prepared, analysed. The number that comes back describes a batch that has already been made. If it is out of specification, the decision is about what to do with the product, not about the process.

02 — Continuous

Several measurements a minute

An inline analyser returns a few to a dozen measurements per minute — over a thousand points in a multi-hour process. The trend becomes an object you can steer by rather than a pair of end points.

A few to a dozen measurements per minute — over a thousand measurement points in a process lasting several hours. Główny Mechanik, 2026
03 — Early

The deviation shows up while it is still small

A drift that a laboratory result would have revealed at the end is visible in hour two, when there is still process time left to react.

The most valuable data is the data that arrives before the problem grows. Robert Stachurski, CEO · Polska Chemia
04 — Result

What that changed in a resin plant

At a European synthetic-resin producer running inline measurement for six months: raw-material losses down 10 %, waste down 12 %, batch-to-batch variability held below 1.5 %. Those figures belong to that segment and that installation — resin economics are not water economics.

−10 %raw-material losses −12 %waste <1.5 %batch variability
One batch · step 01 / 04

Grouped by the question being asked

Feasibility studies from the 2026 catalogue, organised the way an engineer arrives at them: I need to follow a reaction, I need to know what is in it, or I need to release a batch.

Process monitoring

Reaction progress, material transformation, stream identity — measured where it happens.

Agrochemical synthesis
799 cm⁻¹ · 90 % → >99 %
Surfactant synthesis
820–1140 cm⁻¹ · conversion
Refinery fractions
~780 cm⁻¹ · light vs heavy
PF resin synthesis
phenol ~0.03 p.p. · formaldehyde 0.21 p.p.

Composition and contamination

What else is in there, and how much of it — in matrices that defeat single-parameter sensors.

Ammonium nitrogen, industrial water
predicted through water bands
Isomer impurity, FMCG
1050 cm⁻¹ · 8.5 % → trace
Silicone in PA66 recyclate
quantified, 0.3–1.0 %
Contaminants in LDPE / HDPE recyclate
atypical bands resolved

Quality control

Release decisions that used to wait for titration or HPLC. The two alkyd figures are the ones worth arguing about: an acid value without titration, and a rheological property read from a spectrum.

Alkyd resin — acid value
R² > 0.99 · error ~0.2 mg KOH/g
Alkyd resin — viscosity through synthesis
R² > 0.99 · ±0.25 Pa·s
Nitrate nitrogen, fertiliser streams
1044 cm⁻¹ · direct quantification
Total nitrogen, granulated fertiliser
1050 cm⁻¹ · continuous

Industries with deployments or pilots

Synthetic resins — epoxy, polyurethane, methacrylate, phenol-formaldehyde AdhesivesPolymers and recyclateCosmetics and emulsions SurfactantsFertilisers — UAN, ATS, granulate ElectroplatingWater and wastewaterRefining

Water and environment work includes the first Polish deployment of continuous wastewater monitoring for petroleum-derived substances, with MPWiK Wrocław. Microplastics and PFAS detection is in development, using SERS.

Your matrix is probably harder than the brochure case

Send three to five samples from the actual process. The feasibility report says what is measurable, at what uncertainty, and what it would take.

Request a feasibility study How deployment runs

Nobody buys an analyser. They buy a working measurement.

Four stages from a first conversation to a system the plant relies on. The second one — a feasibility study on real samples — exists so that the capital decision is made with evidence rather than optimism.

Workshop~1 hour
Feasibility1–2 weeks
To a working system3–5.5 months

Scroll

The four stages

The sequence is the same whether the answer turns out to be an analyser, a different measurement point, or a process change that needs no instrument at all.

01 Critical points and risks where losses and deviations originate which measurement points matter what a failure actually costs ~1 hour · online or on site 02 Feasibility on real samples 3–5 samples from the process preliminary model, built and tested written report — yours either way answers: measurable? at what uncertainty? 1–2 weeks 03 Architecture, technology, ROI inline, at-line or portable — and where integration design for the control layer payback calculation on the client's numbers written recommendation 04 Deployment and service installation and commissioning model calibration on production data operator training model updates for the first 12 months 3–5.5 months from workshop to working system
01 — Workshop

Start with the process, not the catalogue

About an hour, online or on site. Where the losses come from, which deviations hurt, what a bad batch costs, and which measurement points would actually change a decision. No instrument has been chosen at this stage.

02 — Feasibility

Three to five samples decide it

Real process material, measured, modelled, and compared against the reference method. The report states what is measurable, at what uncertainty, and what it would take. It stays with you whether or not anything is ordered.

1–2 weeksstudy duration 3–5samples needed
03 — Architecture and ROI

The recommendation, in writing

Measurement configuration, points, integration design, and a payback calculation built on the plant's own cost of waste, rework and downtime. Sometimes the honest recommendation is a process change rather than an instrument.

04 — Deployment and service

Then the part that never really finishes

Installation, model calibration on production data, validation, operator training, and continued model development as the process evolves. Model updates are covered for the first twelve months under the agreement.

3–5.5 monthsworkshop to working system 12 monthsmodel updates in contract
Deployment · stage 01 / 04

Where the number goes

A measurement that stops at a screen in a cabinet changes nothing. The result has to arrive in the layer where the plant already makes decisions.

X1 PROBE in the medium no sampling Spectrally OS spectrum → process value pass / fail · deviation alarms model version audit trail local database on-premise, no cloud dependency Control layer — PLC / DCS the value arrives as a process variable operators and loops act on it directly PROFIBUS · PROFINET · Modbus · GSM Records — MES / SCADA / LIMS batch record, release documentation compliance evidence, exportable CSV · PDF · RAW · RBAC Network down measurement and logging continue locally · no reagents, no consumables
01 — In the medium

The measurement starts where the chemistry is

No sample line, no conditioning skid, nothing to consume. The probe sits in the reactor loop or the pipeline and looks at the process itself.

02 — Interpretation

Spectrally OS turns it into a value

Model inference, pass/fail classification, deviation alarms, and an audit trail of which model version produced which number. Everything is written to a local database on the plant's own hardware.

03 — Control

Into PLC and DCS as a process variable

The result appears where operators and control loops already look, over PROFIBUS, PROFINET or Modbus. That is the difference between an instrument that reports and an instrument that participates.

Spectrally does not only measure — it helps to steer. Robert Stachurski, CEO · PIPC
04 — Records and resilience

Batch records, and a system that survives the network

Values flow on to MES, SCADA or LIMS as release documentation and compliance evidence. When the network is unavailable, measurement and logging keep running locally and synchronise afterwards.

On-premiselocal database RBACrole-based access No consumablesroutine operation
Integration · step 01 / 04

Two kinds of number, and they are not interchangeable

Specification and price are properties of the platform — quote them anywhere. Payback, savings and reduction percentages are properties of a segment and an installation. Resin economics are not water economics, and we will not pretend otherwise on a sales call.

Universal — platform level

Time to a result
5 s
Workshop to working system
3–5.5 months
Typical capital cost
EUR 75 000 – 250 000
Accuracy
down to single ppm, analyte dependent
4–7×

How much more the global instrument houses ask for a comparable process-analytics installation. The capital range above is the whole reason a mid-size chemical plant can consider inline Raman at all.

Per segment — from actual deployments

Rows marked illustrative are modelled figures for segments without a documented client installation yet. They are never presented as a measured client result. Empty cells mean not measured — we do not borrow another segment's number.
SegmentPaybackSavingsOther measured effects
Resins — continuous chemistry6–10 months+EUR 180 000 / yearOEE improvement, batch repeatability
Resins — European producer, 6-month observationnot measuredlosses −10 %, waste −12 %, variability <1.5 %
Cosmetics — emulsionsnot measured+EUR 100 000 / yearmixing time −12 %, rework −8 %
Cosmetics — incoming quality controlnot measuredqualitativepass/fail in minutes, sampling delay removed
Water and wastewater18–24 monthsppm accuracy; first Polish water deployment
Nitrogen fertilisers — UAN / DEF (illustrative)est. 8–14 monthsoff-spec −50–60 % (est.), DEF first-pass ~95 % (est.)
Specialty fertilisers — ATS (illustrative)est. 8–14 monthsoff-spec −45–55 % (est.), QC workload −30–40 % (est.)
Silicones (illustrative)not measuredoff-spec −6–9 % (est.), reactor time −5–7 % (est.)

What a feasibility study needs from you

The shortest path from “we think this might be measurable” to a documented answer.

What to send

Samples
3–5, from the real process
Reference values
your current method's results
Target parameter
what decision it drives
Process conditions
temperature, pressure, pH, fouling

What comes back

Preliminary model
built on your samples
Uncertainty
stated, per parameter
Configuration
inline, at-line or portable
Report
written, yours regardless of outcome

If the answer is “not with Raman”

Then that is what the report says. The platform includes SERS for analytes below plain Raman's sensitivity and NIR where Raman bands are weak — and there is a separate, technology-neutral audit of a plant's analytical quality-control system, priced as a fixed fee, whose recommendation is sometimes a process change and no new instrument at all.

Four ways to answer the same question

One sample, four analytical methods, one stopwatch. The point is not that Raman is better than a titration — it is what each answer costs by the time it arrives.

5 s 1 min 15 min 1 h 4 h time to a usable number one sample Titration HPLC NIR Raman reagents · lab waste · sample destroyed sampling · preparation · laboratory queue the analytical reference fast — but overlapping bands, weaker specificity no sampling · no reagents · in the running process HPLC stays the reference. What Raman replaces is waiting for it.
01 — One sample

The same material, four analytical routes

A process sample leaves the line. Whichever method takes it, the chemistry is identical — what differs is how much has to happen before anybody can act on a number.

02 — Titration

Minutes, plus reagents and waste

Reliable and well understood, and it consumes the sample along with reagents that then have to be disposed of. Weak on multi-component mixtures, and it cannot run continuously.

03 — HPLC

Minutes to hours — and it stays the reference

The most specific answer on this chart, and the method our own models are validated against. It also needs sampling, preparation and a queue. The delay is what we compete with — not the accuracy.

04 — NIR

Fast, with less specific bands

Also fast, and useful where Raman bands are weak — which is why NIR sits inside our own platform at about 5 % of the portfolio. Its bands overlap more, so it struggles when several components move at once.

05 — Raman

Seconds, in the process, nothing consumed

Molecular vibrations are specific to the substance, water barely scatters, and no sample has to be drawn. About five seconds to a value, nothing consumed, repeated as often as the process needs it.

5 smeasurement to value No samplingmeasured in situ No reagentsnothing consumed
Method comparison · step 01 / 05

How a rheological property comes out of a spectrum

The most common objection we hear is that Raman measures composition, not properties. It is a fair objection, and the answer is a chain of physics you can follow link by link — not a black box.

reactor · polycondensation monomers, free chains grow · viscosity rises 300 1650 cm⁻¹ same sample, two points in the batch ratios shift start of the batch later, chains longer hybrid model — CNN over the full spectrum + PLS / PCA no single band encodes viscosity; the whole vector does calibrated on this plant’s own samples and reference values alkyd resin, in synthesis viscosity 4.82 Pa·s acid value 12.4 mg KOH/g uncertainty ±0.25 Pa·s model fit R² > 0.99 illustrative reading · uncertainty and fit from a documented feasibility study in specification · 5 s
01 — In the reactor

Viscosity is not a substance, it is a state

At the start of a polycondensation the vessel holds mostly free monomers. Nothing about that mixture is viscous yet, and no single chemical concentration would tell you what the batch will pour like at the end.

02 — Chains grow

What changes is the chemistry of the bonds

As the reaction proceeds, monomers link into chains and the distribution of chain lengths shifts. Viscosity follows that distribution — and so do the molecular vibrations, because the bonds themselves are what changed.

Many adhesives and resins are made by polycondensation, and some polymerise while curing. That is exactly what we see — the change in chemical bonds. dr Bartosz Kawa, CTO · Główny Mechanik
03 — In the spectrum

Two points in the same batch, two band ratios

Overlay the spectrum from the start of the batch on one taken later and the peak positions barely move — the ratios between them do. That shift is small, systematic, and far too subtle to read off a chart by eye.

04 — In the model

Which is why the whole vector is the input

A CNN reads every channel rather than a few chosen peak windows, with classical chemometrics alongside it where a compact, inspectable calibration wins. The model is fitted on this plant’s own samples against its own reference values.

05 — Out as a number

Pascal-seconds, with an error bar

In a documented feasibility study on alkyd resins the model reached R² above 0.99 for viscosity through the whole synthesis, at a prediction uncertainty of ±0.25 Pa·s — and the acid value came out of the same spectrum at about ±0.2 mg KOH/g, without a titration.

±0.25 Pa·sviscosity uncertainty ±0.2 mg KOH/gacid value error R² > 0.99both parameters
Spectrum to a property · step 01 / 05

Nothing in a real plant arrives as one clean component

A production sample is a mixture, and the bands of its components sit on top of one another. This is the case where a single-parameter sensor gives up and a model does not.

component A component B component C component D hybrid model CNN, full spectrum + PLS / PCA 300 1650 cm⁻¹ this one curve is everything the detector returns no band belongs to a single component component A 46.2 % component B 28.7 % component C 17.4 % component D 7.7 % illustrative shares · the calibration ranges quoted below are from documented feasibility work
01 — One component

On its own, every component is easy

A pure substance has a clean fingerprint: a handful of bands in known positions with known relative intensities. Measured alone, in a laboratory, it is a solved problem.

02 — Four components

Together, their bands land on top of each other

Add three more and the bands start sharing space. Some overlap almost completely, and the intensity at any given wavenumber now belongs to more than one substance at once.

03 — What is actually measured

The detector returns one curve, not four

The instrument never sees the components separately. It sees their sum, plus whatever the matrix adds. Reading a peak height off this curve would give you a number that belongs to no single component.

04 — The model

Which is why it is trained on mixtures

Calibration uses real process mixtures with reference values, not a library of pure substances. The model learns how the overlap behaves as the composition moves — including the non-linear part, which is where classical single-band approaches break down.

05 — Separated again

Four numbers out of one curve

This is the everyday case in our feasibility work: silicone contamination in PA66 recyclate quantified across a 0.3–1.0 % calibration range, and ammonium nitrogen predicted in industrial water even though its signal overlaps the water bands.

0.3–1.0 %silicone in PA66 recyclate 8.5 % → traceisomer during synthesis Multi-componentthe design case, not the exception
Mixture, separated · step 01 / 05

The discharge that grab sampling never sees

Illegal discharges are not steady. They are short, they are timed badly on purpose, and hydrocarbons travel on the surface rather than mixing in. Three buckets a day is not a monitoring strategy — it is a lottery.

wastewater channel · flow hydrocarbons — less dense than water, they travel on the surface probe, in the flow 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 24:00 hydrocarbon concentration 04:04 11:04 18:57 three discharges · minutes each sample sample sample all three discharges missed continuous measurement · three alarms, with a time and a concentration alarm raised while the plume is still in the channel
01 — The channel

Where the substance actually travels matters

Petroleum-derived hydrocarbons are less dense than water, so they move along the surface rather than mixing through the profile. Where the sample is taken from decides what the laboratory will find — before any analysis happens.

Petroleum hydrocarbons, with a density lower than water, flow along the surface; illegal discharges are intermittent — which is why sampling does not catch them. dr Karolina Orłowska, CSO · Industry Alarm
02 — Three discharges

Short, and not on your schedule

A day with three events, each lasting minutes. Nothing about them is steady, and none of them announces itself. In the aggregate figures at the end of the month they may not appear at all.

03 — Grab sampling

Three samples, three misses

Scheduled sampling at 06:00, 12:00 and 18:00 lands in the quiet windows between the events. The results come back clean, the file says compliant, and the discharge that happened at 04:04 is not in any record.

04 — Continuous

The same day, measured without gaps

An analyser in the channel measures the flow itself, without drawing samples and without reagents. Water is a weak Raman scatterer, so the substances carried in it stay visible rather than being drowned by the matrix.

Water is invisible to us — we focus on the substances in it, without distorting the picture. dr Bartosz Kawa, CTO · INNPoland
05 — What it is used for

First Polish deployment of this kind

With MPWiK Wrocław — continuous monitoring of wastewater for petroleum-derived substances, mounted in a day, no reagents and no wear parts. Continuous detection of microplastics and PFAS is in development, using SERS.

single ppmaccuracy, analyte dependent 1 daymounting, water segment 18–24 monthspayback, water segment
Intermittent discharge · step 01 / 05

Book the workshop, not the instrument

An hour on your process comes first. Everything after that — feasibility, architecture, payback — follows from what that hour finds.

Request a feasibility study